How to study pharmacognosy

Here is an Easy Way To Learn and memorize Most important drugs in Pharmacognosy

How to study pharmacognosy

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RESINS
DRUGS	SYNONYMS	B.SOURCE	FAMILY	HABITAT	CHEMICAL CONSTT.	USES
ROSIN Or COLOPHON Distillation of Volatile oil from Oleoresin Obtained from Pinus palustris Y	Yellow resin, Rosin, Colophony Resin, Abietic anhydride, Amber resin	Pinus palustris	Pinaceae	Pakistan, China , India, Italy, Spain, Greece, USA	MAINLY:- Resin Acid Resenes Fatty acid Esters α-β- ϒ Abietic Acid OTHERS:- DihydroAbietic Acid DehydroAbietic Acid	As a stiffening Agent in Ointment Plasters Cerates As Diuretic in Vets In Manufacturing of Varnishes Printing inks Wood polishes Fire works
CANNABIS Dried flowering tops	Indian hemp, Indian Cannabis, Marihuana, Marijuana , Bhang, Ganja, Hasach, Cannabis indica	Cannabis sativa	Cannabinaceae	Native to India. Cultivated in Pakistan Afghanistan, iran, central America, Bangladesh, USA, S.Africa, Asia Minor	RESINS (15-20%) Cannabinol Tetrahydro Cannabinol Cannabidiol Cannabidiol carboxylic Acid Cannabigerol Cannabichromene	Tonic Intoxicant Stomachic AntiSpasmodic Analgesic Norcotic AntiConvulsant AntiAnxiety Anti Tussive agentr
GLYCORESINS
PODOPHYLLUM Dried Roots and Rhizome	May Apple, Mandrake root, American  Mandrake, Indian Apple,  Podophyllum Rhizome, Rhizoma  Podophylli	Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum peltatum	Berberidaceae	Canada , USA	RESINS (6-12%) Podophyllotoxin PicroPodophyllin	AntiCancer Purgative Cytotoxic
DRUGS	SYNONYMS	B.SOURCE	FAMILY	HABITAT	CHEMICAL CONSTT.	USES
JALAP Dried Tuberious Roots	Jalap root, Mexican  Jalap, Radix  Jalapae	Exogonium purge Ipomoea purga	Convolvulaceae	Indigenous to Mexico. Found in India, West Indies, south America	RESINS (8-12%) Jalapin β- methyl esculetin Ipurganol	Hydrogogue  Cathartic Drastic Purgative
IPOMOEA	Mexican scamony, Orizaba jalap, Ipomoea radix,	Ipomoea orizabensis	Convolvulaceae	Native to Orizaba, Mexico	Resins 10-20% Mainly: Methyl pentoside Phytosterole Ipurolic acid Convulvulinic acid Others: Scopoletin Volatile oil Sitosterole Ca Oxalate	Cathartic Hydrogogue
COLOCYNTH	Maraghonae, Bitter apple Bitter cucumber, Colocynth pulp, Colocynthis, Fructus colocynthis, Indrayan ,	Citrullus colocynthis	Cucuribitaceae	Syria Cyprus N.Africa Turkey Spain India Pakistan	Citrullol Chloroform soluble resin Pectin Mainly: Colocynthin Colocynthetin Albuminoids cucurbitacine	Powerful Cathartic Anticancer cytotoxic
OLEORESINS
TURPENTINE	Olium, Terbinathae Tarpine Rectified oil of turpentine	Pinus palustris Pinus longifolia Pinus elliotii Pinus radiata	Pinaceae	Pakistan India France USA	α pinene β Pinene	As counter irritant Rubifcient Inhalation Vicks As disinfectant Insecticide Source of vitamin Paint Varnishes

DRUGS	SYNONYMS	B.SOURCE	FAMILY	HABITAT	CHEMICAL CONSTT.	USES
CAPSICUM (Dried ripe fruit)	Chillies, Mirch, Cayenne pepper, Red pepper, Spanish Pepper, Capsicum Fruit,	Capsicum frutescens Capsicum annuum	solanaceae	Native to America India S.Europe Japan Mexico Srilanka	Oleoresins Mainly: Capsaicin Homo-capsaicin Dihydrocapsaicin Nor-  Dihydrocapsaicin Homo- Dihydrocapsaicin Carotenoids Capsacutin capsico	As Stimulant C-irritant Rubefacient In sorethroat Scarlattina Hoarseness Dyspepsia Yellow fever carminative stomachic Dyspepsia Flatulence Rheumatism lumbago
OLEOGUM RESIN
ASAFOETIDA (Root and Rhizome)	Asafoda Gum Asafoetida Asant Henng (Hindi) Hingo (sankirt) Inja (Pashto) Devils Dung Food Of the God Org-gardening	Ferula assafoetida Ferula foetida Ferula rubricaulis	Umbelliferae	Native to Iran Found in Turkestan Afganistan	Volatile Oil 4-20% Gum 25% Resins 40-65% Main Oil Isobutyl propanyl disulphide Umbelliferone Asarsinotannol	Carminative Expectorant Antispasmodic Laxative As Flavoring Curries Enemas In Hysteric & Epileptic In Cholera Asthma Bronchitis Whopping Cough
Myrrh (Stem)	Co	Comiphora molmol Commiphora absyssinica	Burseraceae	Native to Somalia Arabian Pennisula Ethopia Nubia Yemen Africa	Resins 25-40% Gum 5761% Volatile Oil 7-17% Elemol Furanodiene Isofuranogermacrene Curzerenone Lindestrene Protocatechuric acid pyrocatechin	Carminative Religons ceremony Local stimulant Antiseptic Stomachic Tooth poweder Toothachne Mouth wash Astringent Embalming

Balsams
DRUGS	SYNONYMS	B.SOURCE	FAMILY	HABITAT	CHEMICAL CONSTT.	USES
STORAX (Trunk)	Styrax, Prepared storax, Styrax Preparatus, Sweet oriental gum	Liquidamber orientalis Liquidamber styraciflua	Hammelidaceae	Levant Storax Native to Asia minor American storax in Hondrus	Alcobal 50% αβ. Storesins Balsamic acid30-47% Cinnamyl cinnamate Or Styracin, Phyenyl Propyl Cinnammate, Benzyl cinnamte, Ethyl free cnnamic acid, Styrene, Vaniline + V oil	Stimulant Expectorant Parasiticide Protectant Antiseptic Pharmacological preparation, Balsam &benzoin Inhalation
PERU BALSAM By Incision Of the Stem	Peruvian balsam, Indian balsam, China oil, Black balsam, Honduroas balsam, Balsam Of Peru	Myroxylon pereirae Myroxylon balsamum	Leguminosae	Columbia, Venezuela, Central America, Cuba, Florida, Srilanka, Pacific Coast EI Slavador	Balsamic Esters Benzyl Cinnamate Benzyl Benzoate Styracin , And Resins Peru Resinotannol Cinnamate	Miticide To Aid in healing Of indolent wounds Scabicide Parasiticide Skin Ulcer therapy Local Protectant, Rubifacient As Antiseptic, Expectorant Vulmerable Diseases
TOLU BALSAM (By Incison of the stem)	Tolu Balsam, Thomas balsam, Balsam of tolu Resin Tolu, Opobalsam , Balsamum Tolutanum,	Myroxylon balsamum	Leguminosae	Columbia West indies Cuba Venezuela And Peru	Resins 80% Resin alcohol Cinnamic and Benzoic Acid Armoatic Acid Others: Benzyl benzoate Benzyl cinnamate Vanilline Styrene Eugenol	Expectorant Stimulant, Antiseptic, In Cough Mixture as benzoin tincture, As flavoring In Confectionery